Differences between OHV and OHC engines that you need to know

OHV (Overhead Valve) engines and OHC (Overhead Camshaft) engines are two engine designs used in automotive to regulate valve movement in the engine cylinder head. The main difference between the two lies in how they actuate the valves and the mechanisms used. Here is a brief introduction to the differences between the two:

1. OHV (Overhead Valve) engine:
   • The OHV engine design uses valves that are regulated by one or more camshafts located inside the engine block.
   • The OHV camshaft is usually located under the engine cylinder head.
   • The valves connected to this camshaft are regulated via tappets, pushrods, and lifters, which means valve movement occurs indirectly through these components.
   • OHV engines tend to be simpler and cheaper to manufacture than OHC engines.
   • OHV engines tend to produce better torque at low revs, but often have limitations at high revs.
2. OHC (Overhead Camshaft) engine:
   • The OHC engine design uses a camshaft that is located above the engine cylinder head, which means this camshaft is in the cylinder head itself or in a position which is higher in the engine block.
   • The valves in an OHC engine are regulated directly by the camshaft located above, without intermediaries such as tappets or pushrods.
   • OHC engines often have the ability to reach higher engine capacity compared to OHV engines because there are no intermediaries that inhibit valve movement.
   • OHC engines tend to be more complex and expensive to manufacture compared to OHV engines.
   • OHC engines can provide efficiency better performance and better performance at high revs, which is often sought in sports and high performance engines.

The choice between an OHV engine and an OHC engine depends on the needs and the intended use of the vehicle. OHV engines may be more suitable for applications that require good torque at low engine speeds, while OHC engines are often used in vehicles that seek high performance at high engine speeds. To understand more about the differences between OHV and OHC engines. So you can read a more detailed explanation regarding the differences between OHV and OHC engines below.

What is an OHV Engine and What is an OHC Engine?

OHV (Overhead Valve) engines and OHC (Overhead Camshaft) engines are two types of engine designs used in automotive to regulate valve movement in the engine cylinder head. The following are the basic definitions of these two types of engines:

1. OHV (Overhead Valve) Engine:
   • An OHV engine is a type of internal combustion engine that uses valves regulated by a camshaft located inside the engine block or under the engine cylinder head.
   • The valves in an OHV engine are regulated via tappets, pushrods, and lifters, which means valve movement occurs indirectly through these components.
   • OHV engines tend to be simpler in design and construction, with fewer components involved in valve control.
2. OHC (Overhead Camshaft) Engines:
   • OHV Engines is a type of internal combustion engine that uses a camshaft (camshaft) which is located above the engine cylinder head or in a higher position in the engine block.
   • The valves in an OHC engine are regulated directly by the camshaft which is located in top, without intermediaries such as tappets or pushrods.
   • OHC engines tend to be more complex in design and construction, with the camshaft moving the valves directly from the top.

The main difference between an OHV engine and an OHC engine lies in how they actuate the valves in the cylinder head. OHV engines use intermediate mechanisms such as tappets and pushrods, while OHC engines regulate the valves directly via the camshaft located above. The choice between these two types of engines depends on the application requirements and the intended use of the vehicle.

Valve Placement in OHV and OHC Engines

Valve placement in OHV (Overhead Valve) engines and OHC (Overhead Camshaft) engines is different in terms of location and control. The following is an explanation of the valve location in these two types of engines:

1. OHV (Overhead Valve) Engine:
   • Valve Location: In an OHV engine, the valve is located inside the engine cylinder head, as in a conventional engine .
   • Control Valves: These valves are controlled by the camshaft located inside the engine block, usually at the bottom of the cylinder head. This camshaft shaft moves the valves with the help of tappets (lifters), pushrods and rocker arms. When the camshaft rotates, its lobes will lift the tappet, which will then push the pushrod, which in turn will move the rocker arm, which ultimately moves the valve.
2. OHC (Overhead Camshaft) engines:
   • Valve Location: In OHC engines, the valves are also located in the engine cylinder head, but the difference lies in the location of the camshaft. The camshaft in an OHC engine is located above the engine cylinder head or in a higher position on the engine block.
   • Valve Control: The valves in an OHC engine are controlled directly by the camshaft located above the cylinder head. When the camshaft rotates, its lobes will directly lift the valves, so no intermediaries such as tappets, pushrods, or rocker arms are used.

The main difference between an OHV engine and an OHC engine is location of the camshaft and valve control mechanisms. OHV engines have the camshaft in the engine block with an intermediate mechanism, while OHC engines have the camshaft located above the cylinder head with direct control of the valves. OHC engines tend to provide advantages in efficiency and performance at high revs due to more direct valve control.

Differences in Engine Valve Design

The valve designs in OHV (Overhead Valve) engines and OHC (Overhead Camshaft) engines also have significant differences. The following are the differences in valve design between these two types of engines:

1. OHV (Overhead Valve) engines:
   • In OHV engines, the valves are generally smaller and lighter.
   • The valves in an OHV engine are usually arranged in the cylinder head, with the valve head opening into the combustion chamber inside the cylinder.
   • Valve control mechanisms, such as tappets, pushrods, and rocker arms, are used to engage the camshaft inside engine block with valves in the cylinder head.
   • The valve design in an OHV engine can be simpler, with one camshaft controlling all the valves in one cylinder.
2. OHC (Overhead Camshaft) engine:
   • In an OHC engine, the valves are generally larger and heavier.
   • The valves in an OHC engine are regulated directly by the camshaft which is located above cylinder head or in a higher position on the engine block.
   • Camshafts on OHC engines often have lobes that directly raise and lower the valves without intermediaries such as tappets, pushrods, or rocker arms.
   • Valve design in OHC engines can be more complex because valve movement is directly controlled by the camshaft.

This difference in valve design has implications for engine performance and characteristics. OHC engines tend to be better suited to applications seeking high performance at high engine speeds due to the larger valve design and direct control by the overhead camshaft. On the other hand, OHV engines are usually simpler and may be better suited to applications requiring good torque at low engine speeds, although they have limitations at high revs.

Camshaft Construction

The camshaft (camshaft) is a very important component in the engine, both in OHV (Overhead Valve) and OHC (Overhead Camshaft) engines. The camshaft is responsible for controlling the movement of the valves in the engine cylinder head. The main difference between these two types of engines lies in the construction and location of the camshaft. The following is the role of the camshaft in the two types of engines:

1. OHV (Overhead Valve) Engine:
   • Camshaft Construction: In an OHV engine, the camshaft is located inside the engine block, usually at the bottom of the cylinder head. This camshaft has specially shaped lobes and is placed on the camshaft to regulate valve movement.
   • Role of the Camshaft: The camshaft in an OHV engine controls the opening and closing of the valves through intermediate mechanisms such as tappets (lifters), pushrods, and rockers arm. When the camshaft rotates, its lobes lift the tappet, which then pushes the pushrod and rocker arm to move the valves.
2. OHC (Overhead Camshaft) Engines:
   • Camshaft Construction: In OHC engines, the camshaft is located above the engine cylinder head or in a higher position on the engine block. This camshaft also has lobes that control the valves directly.
   • Camshaft Role: The camshaft in an OHC engine moves the valves directly by lifting and lowering the valves according to the lobe profile on the camshaft. There are no intermediaries such as tappets, pushrods, or rocker arms used in valve control on OHC engines.

These differences in camshaft construction result in differences in engine complexity and how the engine performs. . OHV engines have the camshaft located below the cylinder head with an intermediate mechanism, while OHC engines have the camshaft located above the cylinder head with direct control. OHC engines tend to provide advantages in efficiency and performance at high revs due to more direct valve control.

Administration and Maintenance

Maintenance of OHV (Overhead Valve) engines and OHC (Overhead Camshaft) engines has several differences and difficulties that need to be considered. Although basic maintenance such as oil and filter changes, spark plug replacement, and other component checks are the same on both types of engines, there are some differences to keep in mind: Difficulty in OHV Engine Maintenance:

1. Mechanism Complexity: OHV engines use intermediate mechanisms such as tappets, pushrods, and rocker arms to control the valves. This mechanism can be more complex than direct control of an OHC engine. Inspection and maintenance of these mechanisms may require special skills.
2. Dirt Tendency: Additional mechanisms on OHV engines can collect dirt and deposits more easily compared to OHC engines. Therefore, it is necessary to clean and check components such as pushrods and lifters more often.
3. Checking Clearances: You need to regularly check the clearance (distance) between components in the OHV mechanism, such as the clearance between the pushrod and rocker arm . This can be a time consuming job and requires precision.

Difficulties in OHC Engine Maintenance:

1. Access: OHC engines with the camshaft located above the cylinder head can have more difficult access to carry out maintenance. Inspection and replacement of certain components, such as valves, can be more complicated due to the high location of the camshaft.
2. Precision: OHC engines often have tighter tolerances and more direct valve movement. Therefore, maintenance and adjustment must be more precise to ensure optimal performance.
3. Valve Checking: Valve settings in OHC engines usually require more frequent adjustments compared to OHV engines. This requires special equipment and a thorough understanding of factory specifications.
4. Timing Belt/Chain Check: OHC engines often use a timing belt or timing chain that controls camshaft movement. Inspection, maintenance and replacement of the timing belt or chain must be carried out on schedule to prevent failures that have the potential to damage the engine.

The difficulty of maintenance depends on the level of knowledge and skill of your mechanic and the equipment available. Consult the manufacturer’s machine maintenance guide and consider whether you have sufficient skills or whether you should rely on help from an experienced mechanic. In both cases, regular maintenance is key to keeping the machine running well.

Efficiency and Performance

Engine design, both OHV (Overhead Valve) engines and OHC (Overhead Camshaft) engines, has a significant influence on engine efficiency and performance. The following is the influence of design on engine performance:

1. Engine Efficiency:
   • OHC engines tend to be more efficient than OHV engines. This is due to more direct and accurate valve control by the camshaft above the cylinder head. More direct control results in more precise valve opening and closing at the required times, reducing energy waste.
   • OHC engines also tend to have lighter construction because they do not require intermediate mechanisms such as tappets, pushrods, and rocker arms . Lighter weight can improve fuel efficiency and engine response.
2. Engine Performance:
   • OHV engines tend to have good torque at low engine speeds. The intermediate mechanism in an OHV engine can provide additional thrust at low engine speeds, which is beneficial for acceleration and traction at low speeds.
   • OHC engines tend to be more suitable for applications that seek high performance at high engine speeds. Direct control of the valves by the camshaft above the cylinder head allows the engine to achieve high rpm easily, which is important for maximum performance at high speeds.
3. Noise and Vibration:
   • OHC engines tend to produce less noise and vibration than OHV engines. This is due to the lighter construction and more direct control of the valves.
   • OHV engines with intermediate mechanisms can produce more noise and vibration at some engine speeds.
4. Maintenance:
   • OHV engines often require more stringent maintenance due to tighter tolerances and frequent valve settings that must be adjusted.
   • OHV engines with intermediate mechanisms may require more maintenance simple and less frequent.

The choice between an OHV engine and an OHC engine depends on the needs and purpose of the vehicle application. OHV engines may be more suitable for everyday applications that seek torque at low engine speeds, while OHC engines are more suitable for vehicles that seek high performance at high speeds. However, proper maintenance and compliance with manufacturer guidelines is essential to maintain optimal engine efficiency and performance.

Noise and Vibration

Noise and vibration in a vehicle can have a significant impact on driver and passenger comfort. These impacts may vary depending on the intensity, frequency, and source of the noise and vibration. The following is the effect on driver comfort:

1. Noise:
   • High noise in a vehicle can disturb the comfort of the driver and passengers. This includes noise from the engine, exhaust, tires, wind, and other traffic sounds.
   • Constant or persistent noise can cause fatigue, stress, and sleep disturbances, all of which can reduce driver comfort.
   • A good sound insulation system and noise reduction in a vehicle can help reduce noise levels reaching the passenger cabin.
2. Vibration:
   • Vibration Strong vibrations in a vehicle can be felt by the driver and passengers through the seats, steering wheel and pedals.
   • Excessive vibrations can make the driver feel uncomfortable and interfere with driving comfort.
   • Excessive vibrations can also cause discomfort. can cause instability in the vehicle and reduce driver control, especially at high speeds or when traveling over uneven road surfaces.

Efforts made by vehicle manufacturers to reduce noise and vibration can include the use of better sound isolation, vibration dampening, and efficient audio devices. Additionally, proper maintenance, such as keeping tires and suspension systems in good condition, can also help reduce excessive vibration. The importance of reducing noise and vibration in a vehicle is to increase driver and passenger comfort and reduce its negative impact on the driver’s well-being and concentration. Along with that, vehicle safety regulations also set certain limits for the noise and vibration levels permitted in motorized vehicles in order to maintain the comfort and health of road users.

Usage in the Automotive Industry

In the automotive industry, both OHV (Overhead Valve) and OHC (Overhead Camshaft) engines have been used in various vehicle models, especially in the last few decades. The use of both depends on the purpose and characteristics desired in the vehicle model. The following are some examples of vehicle models that use OHV and OHC engines: OHV engines:

1. Pickup Trucks: OHV engines are often used in pickup trucks, especially in engines large with a focus on torque at low engine speeds. This helps the truck to handle heavy loads and heavy duty tasks, such as construction trucks and agricultural trucks.
2. High Performance Vehicles: Some high-performance vehicles, especially in the muscle car segment, have used engines Large OHV with strong torque capability at low engine speed. An example is the Chevrolet Camaro SS with a V8 OHV engine.
3. Diesel Engines: OHV engines are also often used in diesel engines, especially for commercial vehicles such as large trucks and buses. OHV diesel engines are usually known for their reliability and durability.

OHC engines:

1. Conventional Vehicles: Many conventional passenger cars , including sedans and hatchbacks, use OHC engines. This design provides good fuel efficiency and performance over a wide range of engine speeds.
2. High Performance Vehicles: Most high-performance and sport vehicles use OHC engines, primarily to achieve high engine speeds necessary for maximum performance. For example, most Ferrari cars use OHC engines.
3. Hybrid and Electric Vehicles: Modern hybrid and electric vehicles often use OHC engines in combination with electric motors. These OHC engines are designed to create high efficiency in different working conditions.
4. Premium Vehicles: Premium and luxury cars often use OHC engines to provide a combination of good performance with fuel efficiency improved.

Keep in mind that technology continues to evolve, and some vehicles may use newer versions of OHV or OHC engines that have been optimized for better efficiency, emissions and performance. The choice between OHV and OHC engines ultimately depends on the vehicle’s design goals, performance targets, and target market.

Environmental Impact

The environmental impact of using OHV (Overhead Valve) engines and OHC (Overhead Camshaft) engines in vehicles is closely related to fuel efficiency and the emissions produced by these engines. The following are the environmental impacts of these two types of engines:

1. Fuel Efficiency:
   • OHC Engines: OHC engines tend to be more efficient in use fuel compared to OHV engines. More direct and accurate valve control by the camshaft located above the cylinder head allows for more efficient fuel combustion. This means OHC engines can often provide better fuel efficiency and less fuel consumed per mile driven.
   • OHV Engines: OHV engines tend to have better torque characteristics at low engine speeds, but the efficiency may be less good compared to OHC engines, especially at high engine speeds.
2. Exhaust Gas Emissions:
   • OHC Engine: A well-designed OHC engine has the potential to produce lower exhaust emissions. Better control of the valves makes it possible to optimize fuel combustion, which in turn can reduce emissions of harmful exhaust gases such as carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), and nitrogen oxides (NOx).
   • OHV Engines: OHV engines may tend to produce higher exhaust emissions due to less efficient combustion at high engine speeds. OHV engines may also require more emissions cleaning devices such as catalysts to meet stringent emissions standards.

While OHC engines have the potential to be more environmentally friendly in terms of fuel efficiency and emissions, keep in mind that the latest emissions control technologies and devices also play an important role in reducing environmental impacts. Many of the latest OHV engines have been upgraded to meet stricter emissions standards and are more fuel efficient than previous versions. Efficient fuel use and strict emission control are important factors in reducing the negative environmental impact of motorized vehicles. Therefore, not only the engine type is important, but also the technology, design and maintenance that support better fuel efficiency and lower emissions control.

Considerations in Choosing an OHV or OHC Engine for a Vehicle

Choosing an OHV (Overhead Valve) or OHC (Overhead Camshaft) engine for your vehicle must take into account several factors that can influence the performance, efficiency, cost and intended use of the vehicle. Here are some considerations you need to think about:

1. Intended Use of the Vehicle:
   • If your vehicle is used for applications that require good torque at low engine speeds, such as trucks For heavy duty pickups or off-road vehicles, an OHV engine may be a more suitable choice due to its lower torque characteristics.
   • If you are looking for high performance at high engine speeds, such as in a sports or high-performance vehicle, the engine OHC tends to be more suitable because it is able to achieve higher engine speeds well.
2. Fuel Efficiency:
   • If the fuel efficiency fuel is a priority, OHC engines tend to provide better efficiency due to more direct and accurate valve control.
   • OHV engines can have lower efficiency, especially at high engine speeds, which can result in lower fuel consumption higher.
3. Exhaust Gas Emissions:
   • If you care about exhaust emissions and want to reduce them as much as possible, OHC engines can produce lower emissions due to more efficient combustion.
   • OHV engines may require additional emissions control devices to meet stringent emissions standards.
4. Maintenance and Repair Costs:
   • OHV engines are often easier and cheaper to repair and maintain due to the simpler mechanisms. This can be an important consideration if you want to avoid high repair costs.
   • OHC engines can be more complex to maintain and may require more rigorous maintenance.
5. Use of the Latest Technology:
   • If you want to take advantage of the latest technology in your vehicle, OHC engines often offer more options when it comes to control systems, fuel injection and improved efficiency.
6. Budget:
   • Your budget is also an important consideration. OHV engines are often more economical in terms of initial purchase and maintenance costs, while OHC engines may have higher initial costs and more expensive maintenance.
7. Local Emission Standards :
   • Be sure to understand the emissions standards that apply in your area. Some regions may have strict emission standards, and you need to ensure that the engine you choose meets those standards.

The decision between OHV and OHC engines will depend on your priorities in in terms of torque, performance, efficiency and budget. It’s important to do careful research, test drive the vehicle if possible, and talk to an automotive professional or dealer to help you make the right decision for your needs.

Conclusion on the Differences between OHV and OHC Engines

In choosing between an OHV (Overhead Valve) engine and an OHC (Overhead Camshaft) engine for your vehicle, it is important to consider several important factors:

1. Purpose Vehicle Usage: Consider whether your vehicle will be used for heavy duty with a focus on torque at low engine speeds or if you are looking for high performance at high engine speeds. OHV engines tend to be better for low torque, while OHC engines are better suited for high performance.
2. Fuel Efficiency: OHC engines are generally more fuel efficient due to better valve control direct. If fuel efficiency is a priority, an OHC engine may be a better choice.
3. Exhaust Gas Emissions: OHC engines tend to produce lower exhaust emissions due to more efficient combustion. This can be an important factor if you care about environmental impact.
4. Maintenance and Repair Costs: OHV engines are often easier and cheaper to repair and maintain due to the simpler mechanisms. OHC engines can be more complex to maintain and may require more rigorous maintenance.
5. Use of the Latest Technology: If you want to take advantage of the latest technology, OHC engines often offer more options when it comes to the system improved control and efficiency.
6. Budget: Your budget is also an important consideration. OHV engines are often more economical in terms of initial purchase and maintenance costs, while OHC engines may have higher initial costs and more expensive maintenance.
7. Local Emission Standards: Be sure to understand the emission standards applicable in your area and ensure that the engine you choose meets those standards.

The choice between OHV and OHC engines should suit your needs and preferences. It’s important to do careful research, test drive the vehicle if possible, and talk to an automotive professional or dealer to make the right decision based on your needs and priorities. That’s the discussion regarding the differences between OHV and OHC engines. If there are any errors, especially in writing, please forgive. If you have any questions regarding the differences between OHV and OHC engines, you can write them in the comments column provided.